what-is-adhd

What is ADHD?

ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects an individual’s ability to focus, control impulses, and regulate activity levels. While traditionally associated with children, ADHD is now increasingly recognised in adults, especially as awareness and understanding of the condition grow.

ADHD in Today’s World

The diagnosis of ADHD has become more common in recent years, partly due to better awareness and improved diagnostic processes. In the past, many individuals with ADHD were overlooked or misdiagnosed, particularly women and girls whose symptoms might not fit the traditional hyperactive stereotype. Today, more adults are seeking and receiving ADHD assessments, often uncovering lifelong struggles with focus, organisation, and emotional regulation.

ADHD and Focus Difficulties

Focus is one of the core challenges for people with ADHD. Contrary to popular belief, individuals with ADHD can concentrate intensely on activities they find highly engaging—a phenomenon called “hyperfocus.” However, they may struggle to focus on tasks that feel mundane, repetitive, or overwhelming. This difficulty with focus can extend to reading, where maintaining attention through lengthy or complex material may feel nearly impossible. Strategies like breaking reading into small chunks or using text-to-speech tools can help.

ADHD Empathy: A Unique Perspective

Although ADHD is often characterised by impulsivity and distractibility, many individuals with ADHD possess a heightened sense of empathy. They can be deeply attuned to the emotions of others, sometimes to the point of being overwhelmed by them. This strong emotional awareness can be a strength, helping those with ADHD form meaningful connections, but it can also contribute to emotional exhaustion.

ADHD and Mental Health

ADHD frequently coexists with other mental health conditions, such as anxiety, depression, and autism. The challenges associated with ADHD—like difficulties with organisation, time management, and impulse control—can lead to feelings of frustration or failure, especially in environments that don’t support neurodivergent thinking. Recognising and addressing mental health concerns alongside ADHD is essential for holistic well-being.

ADHD and Autism: The Overlap

ADHD and autism often occur together, with studies estimating that 30-50% of autistic individuals also have ADHD. The overlap can create unique challenges, such as heightened sensory sensitivities or more pronounced difficulties with executive functioning. Understanding the interplay between the two conditions is crucial for providing effective support tailored to the individual.

Whether you’re exploring ADHD for the first time or supporting someone with a diagnosis, fostering understanding and acceptance is key. With the right strategies and support, individuals with ADHD can harness their strengths and thrive in all aspects of life.

Want to learn more about ADHD, autism, and neurodiversity? Visit these trusted organisations and charities:

YoungMinds: Support for young people’s mental health, including ADHD resources.

Autism for Dummies is apparently searched frequently in Google.  So, think of autism as a different operating system for the brain. In many ways a highly sophisticated one. While most people may process social interactions and sensory information a certain way, autistic people process this information differently. These differences can lead to:

  • Sensory Sensitivities: Heightened or reduced sensitivity to sounds, lights, textures, or smells.
  • Communication Styles: Ranging from speaking a lot to preferring nonverbal forms of communication.
  • Special Interests: Deep focus and enthusiasm for specific topics or hobbies.

The lady who diagnosed my daughter said Autism is like a fruit salad, and every child has a different bowl.  This is why we call it a spectrum; because autism presents differently in every individual, ranging from highly noticeable challenges in communication and behaviour to more subtle traits that may go unnoticed for years.  But if you are reading this because you’re trying to explore autism and think your child, someone you love or even you might be autistic, know that autism brings unique strengths such as creativity, problem-solving skills, and attention to detail. The world needs autistic people!

Autism as a Social Communication Disorder

Autism primarily affects social communication. This means that individuals with autism may find it difficult to understand and express social cues, such as body language, facial expressions, or tone of voice. For some, conversations can feel like a maze without a map, where unwritten social rules are hard to follow. This does not mean people with autism cannot communicate; rather, they may do so in unique and often creative ways.  Or, you may sometimes feel that communication with an autistic person is just a little harder, as reciprocal communication doesn’t come naturally to them.  

Can Autism Be Cured?

No, autism cannot be cured, nor does it need to be. Autism is not a disease; it is a way of being. The idea of a “cure” for autism is rooted in misunderstandings of the condition. Instead of seeking cures, efforts should focus on creating inclusive environments (which is why I have started this website), understanding individual needs, and providing support tailored to help individuals thrive on their terms. Many neurodivergent people celebrate their autistic identity as an integral part of who they are.

Autism Diagnosis Cost UK

The cost of an autism diagnosis in the UK can vary widely depending on whether you pursue an assessment through the NHS or privately.

  • NHS Diagnosis: Free of charge but often involves long waiting times, sometimes exceeding two years.
  • Private Diagnosis: Costs typically range between £1,000 and £3,500+, depending on the provider and the depth of the assessment required. A private diagnosis is often faster, but it’s important to ensure the clinician is registered and experienced in autism diagnosis.

Both routes generally include a combination of interviews, questionnaires, and observations designed to assess developmental history and current behaviours. In the UK, a formal diagnosis can provide access to additional support services and accommodations.

Autism and ADHD: A Common Overlap

It’s common for autism to coexist with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). In fact, studies suggest that around 30-50% of individuals with autism also have ADHD.

ADHD is characterised by challenges with focus, impulsivity, and hyperactivity, which can overlap or interact with autistic traits. For example:

  • Both conditions may involve difficulties with executive functioning, such as planning or organising tasks.
  • Sensory sensitivities common in autism can also be present in ADHD.
  • Social challenges might stem from both autism and ADHD but manifest in unique ways.

Understanding this overlap is crucial, as it affects how support is provided. A dual diagnosis can lead to more tailored strategies, such as combining structured routines with sensory tools and executive functioning aids.

Want to learn more about autism, ADHD, and neurodiversity? For more information, visit these trusted organisations and charities:

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